A weiningeri mítosz olvadása

Kulcsszavak: fin-de-siecle, szexualitás, férfi-nő ellentét, masculin-androgyn nézetek, epilepszia-hisztéria, Weininger halála

Absztrakt

One of clashing changes of the versatile intellectual life in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy is the emerging theories of evolution in sexology, psychology and social-Darwinism. Otto Weininger’s main and only work, his magnum opus is his book entitled Gender and Character. Its concept represents a withered, obsolete, ideologically surpassed and absurd world. In his single work, Weininger as a robust representative of the masculine-androgen culture explored the metaphysical essence of the female character. When edited the book achieved a tremendous success, since it concerned the female and male gender, in other words the readers themselves while explaining their gender related  characters. Its significance was based on the seemingly organic and compact system which was generously created by Weininger’s remarkable knowledge and information while he endeavored to set it up by the genders and their relevant characters derived on the scale from the single cell’s function to the macrocosmic world.

This study shows the critical analysis of works of the than famous experts with their impact on Weininger. Having applied the new discoveries of his era (especially those on epilepsy and hysteria) by mentioning the mental problems of both genders, Weininger studied intensively the conscience and further on the prodigy the genius and the ego-problem respectively. Profiling Weininger is tedious by the lack of primary sources, thus we try to explore his mystery partially by logic sequences, partially by complex evidences based on a new aspects of medical history. The question is which sources he had to deal with, how the than scientific discoveries influenced his way of thinking, what did he think of himself his gender role and character, which consequences or ideological patterns he drew out of these procedures. Why he aimed to solve the dichotomy of gender and character and tried to reconcile the eternal conflict of men and women and why he united in a logic chain the female substance and the Judaism. Why he paralleled man and women, the female character and being a Jew in a very repulsive manner. Why he did it in the era of evolving European nationalism when the anti-Semitic movements in Europe were pushed forward by the wide publicity of the Dreyfuss affair together with the combatant feminism and their counteractions. It is an additional question how the young and fresh graduated Weininger as a philosopher who converted to Protestantism succeeded to collect all these in a philosophical system and finally why he collapsed and committed suicide by all these burden.

 

Megjelent
2017-09-04
Folyóirat szám
Rovat
A modern orvostudomány története napjainkig