Segítheti-e a növényfajok invázióját az ellenségeik hiánya? – Irodalmi áttekintés a közönséges selyemkórót és Európában őshonos rokonait, a méreggyilokfajokat fogyasztó rovarokról
Absztrakt
A közönséges selyemkóró (Asclepias syriaca) hazánk egyik legveszélyesebb lágyszárú évelő inváziós faja. Legközelebbi, európai rokonai a méreggyilokfajok (Vincetoxicum spp.), melyek közül kettő inváziós Észak-Amerikában. Ezek a növényfajok sok energiát fektetnek a rovarok elleni kémiai védekezésbe, így felmerül, hogy sikeres inváziójukat a specialista rovarfogyasztók hiánya is segíti. Szisztematikus irodalmi áttekintéssel összevetettük a közönséges selyemkórót és négy méreggyilokfajt az eredeti és új elterjedési területen fogyasztó rovar-közösséget. Az eredeti hazájában a selyemkórót tíz, a méreggyilokfajokat pedig nyolc tápnövény-specialista, továbbá számos generalista rovarfaj fogyasztja. Az új elterjedési területükön még egyik növényfaj specialista fogyasztói sem jelentek meg, csak generalista fogyasztókat figyeltek meg rajtuk. Ez alapján e növényfajok sikeres inváziójához a specialista fogyasztóik hiánya is hozzájárulhatott.
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http1: https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/ASCSY/distribution
http3: https://scholar.google.com/
http4: https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/asclepias_syriaca.shtml
