Per- és polifluoralkil anyagok jelenléte háztartási szennyvizekben és jelentőségük az emberi egészség szempontjából

Gábor Györki; Judit Knisz

doi:10.59258/hk.20298

Gábor Györki National University of Public Service Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Aquatic Environmental Sciences; National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, National University of Public Service, Faculty of Water Science https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8032-6864
Judit Knisz National University of Public Service Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Water Aquatic; National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Safety, National University of Public Service Faculty of Water Science https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7989-1931

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59258/hk.20298

Keywords: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFAS, wastewater, domestic wastewater, onsite wastewater treatment system, micropollutants, forever chemicals, environmental protection

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic, fluorinated compounds that exhibit exceptional resistance to chemical reactions and biodegradation due to the extraordinary stability of their carbon-fluorine bonds. As a result of these properties, PFAS compounds persist in the environment as persistent micropollutants and can be detected worldwide in natural waters, drinking water, food, and biological samples. Due to their favorable technological characteristics, low reactivity, and thermal resistance, they are widely used in various industrial and everyday consumer products. However, conventional wastewater treatment systems are not capable of effectively removing PFAScompounds, allowing them to continuously enter environmental cycles, surface waters, and even drinking water sources via wastewater and from other human activities. The persistent environmental presence and bioaccumulative potential of PFAScompounds threaten ecosystem functioning and also pose significant health risks, as they have been linked to cancer, developmental and reproductive disorders, and numerous other health problems. Although in recent years an increasing number of studies have focused on the occurrence of PFAS in municipal wastewater, household-originated wastewater and decentralized, individual wastewater treatment units remain underrepresented in such investigations. There is limited data on the PFAS removal efficiency of these systems, as well as on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of emissions from them. As these alternative solutions are becoming increasingly widespread worldwide, they require prioritized research and regulatory attention, especially regarding micropollutants. A more precise understanding of the environmental impact of such systems is essential for the effective reduction of PFAS contamination and for mitigating public health and ecological risks.

Author Biographies

Gábor Györki , National University of Public Service Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Aquatic Environmental Sciences; National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, National University of Public Service, Faculty of Water Science

GÁBOR GYÖRKI is a certified chemical engineer (Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2021), currently works as a teaching assistant at the National University of Public Service and is pursuing PhD studies. Since 2022, he has been a member of the Environmental Microbiology Research Group at the Faculty of Water Science of the National University of Public Service, participating in the project entitled National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Safety, and also teaches chemistry, engineering chemistry, water chemistry, and environmental biotechnology.

Judit Knisz, National University of Public Service Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Water Aquatic; National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Safety, National University of Public Service Faculty of Water Science

JUDIT KNISZ biologist (University of Pécs, 2001), doctor of biology (University of Pécs, 2010), PhD field was “Molecular Biology”. Senior research fellow at the Department of Water Resources and Environmental Sciences of the National University of Public Service. Research areas: microbially influenced corrosion, investigation of the cleaning efficiency of individual small wastewater treatment plants, and identification of organic micropollutants entering the environment during their operation.

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Presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in domestic wastewater and their public health significance

Abstract

Author Biographies

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