Secondary succession of herbs on a recultivated coal-mine refuse dump near Komló (SW Hungary)

  • Gábor Csicsek University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences
  • Adrienne Ortmann-né Ajkai University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences
Keywords: spoil heaps, biological recultivation, secondary succession, social behaviour types, coenological types

Abstract

Secondary succession on a refuse dump of a former coal mine, recultivated ten years ago, was examinated near the town of Komló, SW Hungary. Seven herbaceous vegetation types were distinguished by physiognomy and dominant species. Species lists and cover data were documented in 250 quadarants of 1x1 m. A total of 101 species were found. According to social behaviour types, disturbance tolerant species, according to coenological categories coenologically indifferent species weremost abundant. Based on proportions of generalist, competitor and specialist species, more and less natural types can be distinguished. Forest species, species of the target state of recultivation, represent 24%; this low value indicates that our study area is in the initial phase of succession.
Recultivation followed by ten years of spontaneous development has led to a diverse semi-natural vegetation, which fits well into the surrounding landscape. Compared to literature data from non-recultivated dumps, recultivation accelerated the process of succession with about ten years. Legally prescribed aims of recultivation are fulfilled, but from the vewpoints of botany and nature conservation, the area is far from natural yet.

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Published
2012-12-31