The invasion of plant species: does the lack of enemies facilitate invasion? – A literature review of insects consuming common milkweed and related plants
Abstract
Common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) is one of the most prominent perennial herbaceous invasive species in Hungary. Form the closest relative species, native in Europe two Vincetoxicum species are invasive in North America. Both milkweed and Vincetoxicum species have significant chemical defense against insects, thus it is assumable that their successful invasion could be partly because of the lack of their specialist insect consumers. We compared the insect community consuming these plant species in their original and new distribution areas with a systematic literature review. In its original area of distribution, milkweed is consumed by ten insect species and Vincetoxicum species by eight specialists as well as several generalists. However, in the new distribution areas, the specialist consumers have not yet appeared in either case, only generalist consumers were observed with a smaller species number. Thus, it can be assumed that the successful invasion of these plant species may have been facilitated by the release from their specialist consumers.
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http3: https://scholar.google.com/
http4: https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/asclepias_syriaca.shtml
