Aspects of removal of large and giant nevi in childhood

Abstract

The removal of common nevi is necessary only in case of irritation, changes causing complaints, or dermatological recommendations, in addition to regular inspections. In case of the need for surgical removal of special birthmarks (e.g. Spitz nevus, Halo nevus, etc.), a dermatological examination and recommendation are also essential. Congenital melanocytic nevus is a special entity. In 1-3% of newborn cases we encounter the small (<1.5 cm) congenital melanocytic nevus, and less often a giant (≥40 cm) nevus. The number, localization and morphology of congenital melanocytic nevi are more important than size in terms of the probability of melanoma occurrence. The treatment of these nevi varies individually and requires teamwork (e.g. dermatologist, oncologist, surgeon, anesthesiologist, pediatrician). All skin incisions leave a scar, and the characteristics of lifelong scars are influenced by many factors. These include age and surgical technique. For plastic surgery performed in childhood, it is advisable to choose the simplest technique – but the one that leads to the most favorable later results – when possible, to avoid complicated flap plasties and skin replacement procedures. When developing the surgical strategy, it is essential to involve the parent and the child in addition to the allied professions, as well as keeping in mind the characteristics of childhood. In the optimal case, the completion of the reconstruction should carry out before get into community, but at the latest by the teenage years.