Dall’amicizia dei filosofi all’amicizia cristiana: alcune riflessioni a partire dall’insegnamento di Clemente Alessandrino
Kulcsszavak:
Clement of Alexandria, Friendship, Philanthropy, Ownership, Christian Platonism
Absztrakt
From the Friendship of Philosophers to Christian Friendship: Some Reflections Based on the Teachings of Clement of Alexandria: This study examines the philosophical foundations of Clement of Alexandria’s teaching on friendship and considers how the Christian perspective reshapes the conclusions inherited from earlier traditions. The comparison between the ancient philosophers—especially Plato and Aristotle—and Clement becomes particularly meaningful when these sources are read through the interpretive lens associated with the Tübingen School. It is also possible that Clement’s engagement with the topic was motivated by the need to respond to Valentinus’s homily on friendship. Drawing on Gen 1:26, Clement articulates not only the “divine image” of the human being but also the principle of participation in the divine life. He maintains that all people who come into the world are invited to become similar to God and in this likeness to become God’s friends. This universal call to deification, which implies a doctrine of the general redemption of humanity, carries clear anti-Gnostic implications. At the same time, the philosophical consequences for practical life can be compared with the Christian ideal of friendship as it took shape in the late second century, within a community that welcomed even those marginalized by society. The model for this ideal is not the fellowship of philosophers or the noble guardians of Plato’s Republic, but the mutual love of the Father and the Son and the compassionate love of God for human weakness. Through this divine love, human beings may become friends, children, and similar to God.
Hivatkozások
Autori antichi
Aristotele, Ethica Nicomachea, H. Rackham (ed. and trans.), Loeb Classical Library 73, G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York – William Heinemann Ltd, London 1926; new and revised edition 1934.
Cicerone, Scripta quae manserunt omnia, Fasc. 27, Kolotz (ed.), Teubner, Lipsiae 1914. Clemente Alessandrino, Protrepticus und Paedagogus, Otto Stählin
– Ursula Treu (eds.), Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten drei Jahrhunderte 12, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1972. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110299151
Clemente Alessandrino, Stromata I–VI, Otto Stählin – Ludwig Früchtel – Ursula Treu (eds.), Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten drei Jahrhunderte 15, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1985. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110866148
Clemente Alessandrino, Quis dives salvetur?, introduction, notes et index par Carlo Nardi et Patrick Descourtieux, traduction par Patrick Descourtieux, Sources Chrétiennes 537, Éditions du Cerf, Paris 2011.
Clemente Alessandrino, Quis dives salvetur?, introduzione, traduzione e note di Simona Cives, San Paolo, Milano 2003.
Clemente Alessandrino, Gli Stromati: note di vera filosofia, introduzione di Marco Rizzi, traduzione e note di Giovanni Pini, Letture cristiane del primo millennio 40, Paoline, Milano 2006.
Clemente Alessandrino, Protrettico ai greci, introduzione, traduzione e note di Franzo Migliore, Collana dei testi patristici 179, Città Nuova, Roma 2004.
Clemente Alessandrino, Il Pedagogo, introduzione, traduzione e note di Dag Tessore, Collana dei testi patristici 181, Città Nuova, Roma 2005.
Origene, Commentariorum in Matthaeum series, Erich Klostermann (ed.), Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten drei Jahrhunderte 38, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1933.
Platone, Leges, vol. I-II, R. G. Bury (ed. and trans.), Loeb Classical Library 187, 192, William Heinemann Ltd, London – G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York 1926.
Platone, Respublica, vol. I, books I-V, Paul Shorey (ed. and trans,), Loeb Classical Library 237, William Heinemann Ltd, London – G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York 1930 (1963).
Platone, Lettere, a cura di Margherita Isnardi Parente, traduzione di Maria Grazia Ciani, Fondazione Lorenzo Valla – Mondadori, Milano 2014.
Autori moderni
Ashwin-Siejkowski, Piotr, Clement of Alexandria: A Project of Christian Perfection, T & T Clark, London 2008.
Avila, Charles, Ownership: Early Christian Teaching, Orbis Books, London 1983.
Behr, John, Asceticism and Anthropology in Irenaeus and Clement, Oxford Early Christian Studies, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2000. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198270003.001.0001
Cerasi, Enrico, Dell’amico. Storia e critica dell’idea dell’amicizia, Atlante delle idee, Mimesis, Milano – Udine 2024.
Choufrine, Arkadi, Gnosis, Theophany, Theosis: Studies in Clement of Alexandria’s Appropriation of His Background, Patristic Studies 5, Peter Lang, New York 2002.
Corrigan, Kevin, A Less Familiar Plato: From Phaedo to Philebus, Cambridge Studies in Religion and Platonism 1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009324885
Dal Covolo, Enrico, L’episodio del giovane ricco in Clemente e Origene, in Bruno Maggioni – Luigi Franco Pizzolato (eds.), Per foramen acus. Il cristianesimo antico di fronte alla pericope evangelica del giovane ricco, Studia patristica mediolanensia 14, Vita e Pensiero, Milano 1986.
Dugas, Ludovic, L’amitié antique, Librairie Félix Alcan, Paris 1914.
Edwards, Mark J., Clement of Alexandria and His Doctrine of the Logos, in Vigiliae Christianae 54 (2000), 159-177. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1584866
Fenyves, Krisztián, In the Image of God He Created Them: Gen. 1:26–28 in the Light of Patristic and Rabbinic Literature, in Massimiliano
Ghilardi (eds.), I volti di Dio nel cristianesimo antico (secc. I–IX), Augustinianum, Roma 2024, 523-534.
Findlay, John N., Platone. Le dottrine scritte e non scritte, a cura di Giovanni Reale, traduzione di Richard Davies, Vita e Pensiero, Milano 1994.
Flannery, Kevin L., Può un aristotelico considerarsi amico di Dio?, in Livio Melina – José Noriega (eds.), Domanda sul Bene, Domanda su Dio, Lateran University Press – Mursia, Roma 1999, 131-137.
Florenskij, Pavel, Дружба, in Столп и утверждение истины, Mosca 1914, 393-463; traduzione italiana di Pietro Modesto, San Paolo, Roma 2013; prima edizione digitale, Castelvecchio 2017.
Fürst, Alfons, Streit unter Freunden. Ideal und Realität in der Freundschaftslehre der Antike, Teubner, Stuttgart – Leipzig 1996. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110954258
Gerson, Lloyd P., Plato’s Moral Realism, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009329934
Gyurkovics, Miklós, I sacrifici dell’assimilazione a Dio secondo l’esegesi di Clemente di Alessandria: aspetti antropologici, in Eastern Theological Journal 7/1 (2021), 83-104.
Gyurkovics, Miklós, La giustizia bilanciata: Il concetto teologico e antropologico di giustizia nell’insegnamento di Clemente di Alessandria, in Povertà e ricchezza nel cristianesimo antico (I-V sec.), Augustinianum, Roma 2016, 111-119.
Gyurkovics, Miklós, La violenza di Sara e la riconciliazione di Agar: L’interpretazione attualizzata di Gen. 16,1-16 nei testi altoimperiali da Filone a Didimo il Cieco, in Eastern Theological Journal 3/1 (2017), 55-75.
Gyurkovics, Miklós, The Forms of the Divine Logos in the Paedagogus of Clement of Alexandria, in Veronika Hrůšová – Annewies van den Hoek – Miklós Gyurkovics (eds.), Clement of Alexandria’s Paedagogus, Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 188, Brill, Leiden 2025, 179-198. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004721920_010
Gyurkovics, Miklós, La teologia non scritta in Clemente di Alessandria, in Eastern Theological Journal 3/2 (2017), 289-316.
Hrůšová, Veronika, Clement and His Paedagogus, in Veronika Hrůšová – Annewies van den Hoek – Miklós Gyurkovics (eds.), Clement of Alexandria’s Paedagogus, Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 188, Brill, Leiden 2025, 11-36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004721920_003
Hrůšová, Veronika, Baptism and Eucharist: Blending of the Holy Spirit and Man According to Clement of Alexandria, in Veronika Hrůšová – Annewies van den Hoek – Miklós Gyurkovics (eds.), Clement of Alexandria’s Paedagogus, Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 188, Brill, Leiden 2025, 199-228. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004721920_011
Jaeger, Werner, Paideia. La formazione dell’uomo greco, traduzione di L. Emery e A. Setti, Bompiani, Milano 2003.
Karuhije, Léon-Ferdinand, La Cité du Logos: l’ecclésiologie de Clément d’Alexandrie et son enracinement christologique, Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 173, Brill, Leiden 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004505346
Karuhije, Léon-Ferdinand, Le patriarche biblique Abraham en tant que figure archétypique dans l’oeuvre de Clément d’Alexandrie, in Eastern Theological Journal 10/1-2 (2024), 72-90.
Konstan, David, In the Orbit of Love: Affection in Ancient Greece and Rome, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190887872.001.0001
Konstan, David, Friendship in the Classical World, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge – New York, 1997. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511612152
Kovacs, Judith, L., Introduction. Clement as Scriptural Exegete: Overview and History of Research, in Veronika Černušková – Judith L. Kovacs – Jana Plátová (eds.), Clement’s Biblical Exegesis: Proceedings of the Second Colloquium on Clement of Alexandria (Olomouc, May 29-31, 2014), Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 139, Brill, Leiden – Boston 2017, 1-37. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004331242_002
Krämer, Hans, L’interpretazione di Platone della Scuola di Tubinga e della Scuola di Milano, in Hans Krämer, Gesammelte Aufsätze zu Platon, De Gruyter, Berlin 2014, 518-533. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110280494.518
Le Boulluec, Alain, L’interprétation de la Bible et le «genre symbolique» selon Clément d’Alexandrie, in Veronika Černušková – Judith L.
Kovacs – Jana Plátová (eds.), Clement’s Biblical Exegesis: Proceedings of the Second Colloquium on Clement of Alexandria (Olomouc, May 29-31, 2014), Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 139, Brill, Leiden-Boston 2017, 53-79. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004331242_004
Lilla, Salvatore, Clement of Alexandria: A Study in Christian Platonism and Gnosticism, Oxford Theological Monographs, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1971.
Lilla, Salvatore, Dionigi l’Areopagita e il platonismo Cristiano, Letteratura Cristiana Antica 4, Morcelliana, Brescia 2005.
Lisi, Francisco L., Koinon and Idion in Plato’s Political Thought, in Jakub Jinek – Veronika Konrádová (eds.), For Friends, All Is Shared, OIKOYMENH, Praha 2016, 13-28.
Lombardini, John, Plato’s Political Thought, Brill Research Perspectives in Ancient History, Brill, Leiden – Boston 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004692220
Longenecker, Bruce W., Remember the Poor: Paul, Poverty and the Greco-Roman World, Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids 2010.
Louth, Andrew, Apathetic Love in Clement of Alexandria, in Elizabeth A. Livingstone (ed.), Studia Patristica 18/3, Peeters, Leuven 1989, 413-419.
Maspero, Giulio, Dell’amicizia con Dio nel pensiero greco: paradosso e paradigma dell’amore tra filosofia e teologia, in Marco D’Avenia – Ariberto Acerbi (eds.), Philia. Riflessioni sull’amicizia, EDUSC, Roma 2007, 271-294.
Osborn, Eric, Clement of Alexandria, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2005. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511734922
Pili, Emanuele, La Lettera VII di Platone: comunanza di vita e persuasione come luogo della verità, in Sophia 3/2 (2011), 257-278.
Pizzolato, Luigi, L’idea dell’amicizia nel mondo classico e cristiano, Einaudi, Torino 1993.
Ramelli, Ilaria L.E., The Mysteries of Scripture: Allegorical Exegesis and the Heritage of Stoicism, Philo, and Pantaenus, in Veronika Černušková – Judith L. Kovacs – Jana Plátová (eds.), Clement’s Biblical Exegesis: Proceedings of the Second Colloquium on Clement of Alexandria (Olomouc, May 29-31, 2014), Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 139, Brill, Leiden-Boston 2017, 80-110. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004331242_005
Ramelli, Ilaria, The Stoic Doctrine of Oikeiosis and its Transformation in Christian Platonism, in Apeiron 47 (2014), 1-25. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/apeiron-2012-0063
Reale, Giovanni, Storia della filosofia greca e romana, vol. 3, Platone e l’Accademia antica, Bompiani, Milano 2004.
Rhee, Helen, A Patristic View of Wealth and Possessions, in Ex Auditu 27 (2011), 51-77.
Rhee, Helen, Philanthropy and Human Flourishing in Patristic Theology, in Religions 9 (2018), 3-21. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/rel9110362
Russell, Norman, The Doctrine of Deification in the Greek Patristic Tradition, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199205974.001.0001
Steenbuch, Johannes Aakjær, “I Have: Why Should I Not Give to Those Who Need?” Clement on Ownership and Sharing in Paed. II 12, 120, 3-6, in Veronika Hrůšová – Annewies van den Hoek – Miklós Gyurkovics (eds.), Clement of Alexandria’s Paedagogus, Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 188, Brill, Leiden 2025, 303-313. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004721920_015
van den Hoek, Annewies, Clement of Alexandria and His Use of Philo in the Stromateis (Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae 3), Brill, Leiden – New York 1988. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004304192
van den Hoek, Annewies, Widening the Eye of the Needle: Wealth and Poverty in the Works of Clement of Alexandria, in Susan R. Holman (ed.), Wealth and Poverty in Early Church and Society, Baker Academic, Grand Rapids 2008, 67–75.
van den Hoek, Annewies, God Beyond Knowing: Clement of Alexandria and Discourse on God, in Andrew B. McGowan – Brian E. Daley – Timothy J. Gaden (eds.), God in Early Christian Thought: Essays in Memory of Lloyd G. Patterson, Brill, Leiden 2009, 37-60. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004174122.i-410.12
Whittaker, John, Epekeina nou kai ousias, in Vigiliae Christianae 23 (1969), 91-104. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1583306
Whittaker, John, Neopythagoreanism and Negative Theology, in Symbolae Osloenses 44 (1969), 109-125. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00397676908590612
Whittaker, John, Neopythagoreanism and the Transcendent Absolute, in Symbolae Osloenses 48 (1973), 77-86. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00397677308590652
Aristotele, Ethica Nicomachea, H. Rackham (ed. and trans.), Loeb Classical Library 73, G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York – William Heinemann Ltd, London 1926; new and revised edition 1934.
Cicerone, Scripta quae manserunt omnia, Fasc. 27, Kolotz (ed.), Teubner, Lipsiae 1914. Clemente Alessandrino, Protrepticus und Paedagogus, Otto Stählin
– Ursula Treu (eds.), Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten drei Jahrhunderte 12, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1972. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110299151
Clemente Alessandrino, Stromata I–VI, Otto Stählin – Ludwig Früchtel – Ursula Treu (eds.), Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten drei Jahrhunderte 15, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1985. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110866148
Clemente Alessandrino, Quis dives salvetur?, introduction, notes et index par Carlo Nardi et Patrick Descourtieux, traduction par Patrick Descourtieux, Sources Chrétiennes 537, Éditions du Cerf, Paris 2011.
Clemente Alessandrino, Quis dives salvetur?, introduzione, traduzione e note di Simona Cives, San Paolo, Milano 2003.
Clemente Alessandrino, Gli Stromati: note di vera filosofia, introduzione di Marco Rizzi, traduzione e note di Giovanni Pini, Letture cristiane del primo millennio 40, Paoline, Milano 2006.
Clemente Alessandrino, Protrettico ai greci, introduzione, traduzione e note di Franzo Migliore, Collana dei testi patristici 179, Città Nuova, Roma 2004.
Clemente Alessandrino, Il Pedagogo, introduzione, traduzione e note di Dag Tessore, Collana dei testi patristici 181, Città Nuova, Roma 2005.
Origene, Commentariorum in Matthaeum series, Erich Klostermann (ed.), Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten drei Jahrhunderte 38, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1933.
Platone, Leges, vol. I-II, R. G. Bury (ed. and trans.), Loeb Classical Library 187, 192, William Heinemann Ltd, London – G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York 1926.
Platone, Respublica, vol. I, books I-V, Paul Shorey (ed. and trans,), Loeb Classical Library 237, William Heinemann Ltd, London – G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York 1930 (1963).
Platone, Lettere, a cura di Margherita Isnardi Parente, traduzione di Maria Grazia Ciani, Fondazione Lorenzo Valla – Mondadori, Milano 2014.
Autori moderni
Ashwin-Siejkowski, Piotr, Clement of Alexandria: A Project of Christian Perfection, T & T Clark, London 2008.
Avila, Charles, Ownership: Early Christian Teaching, Orbis Books, London 1983.
Behr, John, Asceticism and Anthropology in Irenaeus and Clement, Oxford Early Christian Studies, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2000. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198270003.001.0001
Cerasi, Enrico, Dell’amico. Storia e critica dell’idea dell’amicizia, Atlante delle idee, Mimesis, Milano – Udine 2024.
Choufrine, Arkadi, Gnosis, Theophany, Theosis: Studies in Clement of Alexandria’s Appropriation of His Background, Patristic Studies 5, Peter Lang, New York 2002.
Corrigan, Kevin, A Less Familiar Plato: From Phaedo to Philebus, Cambridge Studies in Religion and Platonism 1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009324885
Dal Covolo, Enrico, L’episodio del giovane ricco in Clemente e Origene, in Bruno Maggioni – Luigi Franco Pizzolato (eds.), Per foramen acus. Il cristianesimo antico di fronte alla pericope evangelica del giovane ricco, Studia patristica mediolanensia 14, Vita e Pensiero, Milano 1986.
Dugas, Ludovic, L’amitié antique, Librairie Félix Alcan, Paris 1914.
Edwards, Mark J., Clement of Alexandria and His Doctrine of the Logos, in Vigiliae Christianae 54 (2000), 159-177. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1584866
Fenyves, Krisztián, In the Image of God He Created Them: Gen. 1:26–28 in the Light of Patristic and Rabbinic Literature, in Massimiliano
Ghilardi (eds.), I volti di Dio nel cristianesimo antico (secc. I–IX), Augustinianum, Roma 2024, 523-534.
Findlay, John N., Platone. Le dottrine scritte e non scritte, a cura di Giovanni Reale, traduzione di Richard Davies, Vita e Pensiero, Milano 1994.
Flannery, Kevin L., Può un aristotelico considerarsi amico di Dio?, in Livio Melina – José Noriega (eds.), Domanda sul Bene, Domanda su Dio, Lateran University Press – Mursia, Roma 1999, 131-137.
Florenskij, Pavel, Дружба, in Столп и утверждение истины, Mosca 1914, 393-463; traduzione italiana di Pietro Modesto, San Paolo, Roma 2013; prima edizione digitale, Castelvecchio 2017.
Fürst, Alfons, Streit unter Freunden. Ideal und Realität in der Freundschaftslehre der Antike, Teubner, Stuttgart – Leipzig 1996. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110954258
Gerson, Lloyd P., Plato’s Moral Realism, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009329934
Gyurkovics, Miklós, I sacrifici dell’assimilazione a Dio secondo l’esegesi di Clemente di Alessandria: aspetti antropologici, in Eastern Theological Journal 7/1 (2021), 83-104.
Gyurkovics, Miklós, La giustizia bilanciata: Il concetto teologico e antropologico di giustizia nell’insegnamento di Clemente di Alessandria, in Povertà e ricchezza nel cristianesimo antico (I-V sec.), Augustinianum, Roma 2016, 111-119.
Gyurkovics, Miklós, La violenza di Sara e la riconciliazione di Agar: L’interpretazione attualizzata di Gen. 16,1-16 nei testi altoimperiali da Filone a Didimo il Cieco, in Eastern Theological Journal 3/1 (2017), 55-75.
Gyurkovics, Miklós, The Forms of the Divine Logos in the Paedagogus of Clement of Alexandria, in Veronika Hrůšová – Annewies van den Hoek – Miklós Gyurkovics (eds.), Clement of Alexandria’s Paedagogus, Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 188, Brill, Leiden 2025, 179-198. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004721920_010
Gyurkovics, Miklós, La teologia non scritta in Clemente di Alessandria, in Eastern Theological Journal 3/2 (2017), 289-316.
Hrůšová, Veronika, Clement and His Paedagogus, in Veronika Hrůšová – Annewies van den Hoek – Miklós Gyurkovics (eds.), Clement of Alexandria’s Paedagogus, Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 188, Brill, Leiden 2025, 11-36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004721920_003
Hrůšová, Veronika, Baptism and Eucharist: Blending of the Holy Spirit and Man According to Clement of Alexandria, in Veronika Hrůšová – Annewies van den Hoek – Miklós Gyurkovics (eds.), Clement of Alexandria’s Paedagogus, Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 188, Brill, Leiden 2025, 199-228. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004721920_011
Jaeger, Werner, Paideia. La formazione dell’uomo greco, traduzione di L. Emery e A. Setti, Bompiani, Milano 2003.
Karuhije, Léon-Ferdinand, La Cité du Logos: l’ecclésiologie de Clément d’Alexandrie et son enracinement christologique, Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 173, Brill, Leiden 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004505346
Karuhije, Léon-Ferdinand, Le patriarche biblique Abraham en tant que figure archétypique dans l’oeuvre de Clément d’Alexandrie, in Eastern Theological Journal 10/1-2 (2024), 72-90.
Konstan, David, In the Orbit of Love: Affection in Ancient Greece and Rome, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190887872.001.0001
Konstan, David, Friendship in the Classical World, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge – New York, 1997. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511612152
Kovacs, Judith, L., Introduction. Clement as Scriptural Exegete: Overview and History of Research, in Veronika Černušková – Judith L. Kovacs – Jana Plátová (eds.), Clement’s Biblical Exegesis: Proceedings of the Second Colloquium on Clement of Alexandria (Olomouc, May 29-31, 2014), Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 139, Brill, Leiden – Boston 2017, 1-37. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004331242_002
Krämer, Hans, L’interpretazione di Platone della Scuola di Tubinga e della Scuola di Milano, in Hans Krämer, Gesammelte Aufsätze zu Platon, De Gruyter, Berlin 2014, 518-533. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110280494.518
Le Boulluec, Alain, L’interprétation de la Bible et le «genre symbolique» selon Clément d’Alexandrie, in Veronika Černušková – Judith L.
Kovacs – Jana Plátová (eds.), Clement’s Biblical Exegesis: Proceedings of the Second Colloquium on Clement of Alexandria (Olomouc, May 29-31, 2014), Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 139, Brill, Leiden-Boston 2017, 53-79. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004331242_004
Lilla, Salvatore, Clement of Alexandria: A Study in Christian Platonism and Gnosticism, Oxford Theological Monographs, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1971.
Lilla, Salvatore, Dionigi l’Areopagita e il platonismo Cristiano, Letteratura Cristiana Antica 4, Morcelliana, Brescia 2005.
Lisi, Francisco L., Koinon and Idion in Plato’s Political Thought, in Jakub Jinek – Veronika Konrádová (eds.), For Friends, All Is Shared, OIKOYMENH, Praha 2016, 13-28.
Lombardini, John, Plato’s Political Thought, Brill Research Perspectives in Ancient History, Brill, Leiden – Boston 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004692220
Longenecker, Bruce W., Remember the Poor: Paul, Poverty and the Greco-Roman World, Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids 2010.
Louth, Andrew, Apathetic Love in Clement of Alexandria, in Elizabeth A. Livingstone (ed.), Studia Patristica 18/3, Peeters, Leuven 1989, 413-419.
Maspero, Giulio, Dell’amicizia con Dio nel pensiero greco: paradosso e paradigma dell’amore tra filosofia e teologia, in Marco D’Avenia – Ariberto Acerbi (eds.), Philia. Riflessioni sull’amicizia, EDUSC, Roma 2007, 271-294.
Osborn, Eric, Clement of Alexandria, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2005. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511734922
Pili, Emanuele, La Lettera VII di Platone: comunanza di vita e persuasione come luogo della verità, in Sophia 3/2 (2011), 257-278.
Pizzolato, Luigi, L’idea dell’amicizia nel mondo classico e cristiano, Einaudi, Torino 1993.
Ramelli, Ilaria L.E., The Mysteries of Scripture: Allegorical Exegesis and the Heritage of Stoicism, Philo, and Pantaenus, in Veronika Černušková – Judith L. Kovacs – Jana Plátová (eds.), Clement’s Biblical Exegesis: Proceedings of the Second Colloquium on Clement of Alexandria (Olomouc, May 29-31, 2014), Vigiliae Christianae Supplements 139, Brill, Leiden-Boston 2017, 80-110. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004331242_005
Ramelli, Ilaria, The Stoic Doctrine of Oikeiosis and its Transformation in Christian Platonism, in Apeiron 47 (2014), 1-25. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/apeiron-2012-0063
Reale, Giovanni, Storia della filosofia greca e romana, vol. 3, Platone e l’Accademia antica, Bompiani, Milano 2004.
Rhee, Helen, A Patristic View of Wealth and Possessions, in Ex Auditu 27 (2011), 51-77.
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2026-06-26
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