A sekély Pátkai-tározó ökológiai állapotváltozásainak nyomon követése az üledék árvaszúnyog-fauna (Diptera: Chironomidae) vizsgálata alapján

Eszter Tombor; Zoltán Szabó; Zoltán Szalai; István Kóbor; Enikő Magyari; János Korponai

doi:10.59258/hk.16460

Eszter Tombor ELTE TTK Environmental Science Doctoral School Environmental Earth Science Program https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7822-1002
Zoltán Szabó Department of Environmental Protection, Nature Conservation and Waste Management of Tolna County Government Office https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0899-2214
Zoltán Szalai Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-411X
István Centra-Transdanubian Water Directorate
Enikő Magyari Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography of ELTE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2844-8937
János Korponai National University of Public Service Faculty of Water Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0211-192X

Keywords: Chironomids, reservoir, Lake Velencei, eutrophication, human impact, Pátka

Abstract

The Pátkai reservoir was created in 1975 to regulate the water supply of Lake Velencei, but it is also used as a fishing and welfare lake. The water quality has deteriorated since the 90’s, possibly due to the lack of dredging and the amount of bait thrown into the water by anglers. With this research supported by the National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change (NKFIH-471-3/2021, RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00014) we would like to contribute to the work of Central-Transdanubian Water Directorate (KDTVIZIG) for water quality improvement and algal bloom control by studying the chironomid fauna of the short (54 cm) sediment core collected from the reservoir. The high-resolution analysis of the fauna allows us to reveal the evolution of water quality and the history of the reservoir (draining, algal blooms). The analysis included measurements of the chlorophyll derivatives (SPDU) and other geochemical variables (TOC: total organic carbon, TbN: total bound nitrogen, C/N ratio) of the sediment. By examining vertically the chironomid community, we distinguished three zones: the first zone represented the significant water level changes due to the draining (1992) and refilling (1994) of the reservoir; the second zone was dominated by taxa indicating good oxygenation and mesotrophic-eutrophic conditions; the top zone was dominated by taxa tolerating oxygen deficiency and eutrophic-hypertrophic water. Along the first axis of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), species separated according to their trophic tolerance and oxygen demand. The increasing trend in TOC, TbN and SPDU indicate planktonic eutrophication, as indicated by water quality monitoring studies by the regional water management agency. Our results suggest that nutrient enrichment and the water level changes in the 90’s are the most important drivers of faunal changes. Water of good quality is a priority for the reservoir, as the need to replenish the water of Lake Velencei has been raised in recent years. The water quality improvement can be achieved by restricting angling, dredging the reservoir and increasing the inflow of the Császár-viz.

Author Biographies

Eszter Tombor, ELTE TTK Environmental Science Doctoral School Environmental Earth Science Program

Eszter Tombor, PhD student, geographer, graduated at ELTE TTK in 2017. Since 2021, she is a student of the Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences. Her PhD research is about chironomid- and pollen-based palaeoenvironment reconstruction and human impac tracking in the Carpathian Region. She works as a fellow worker in the project of ÉMNL RRF-2.3.1.-21-2022-00014.

Zoltán Szabó, Department of Environmental Protection, Nature Conservation and Waste Management of Tolna County Government Office

Zoltán Szabó, PhD candidate, geographer, graduated at ELTE TTK in 2018. Between 2018 and 2022 he was a student of the Doctoral School of Earth Sciences. His PhD research is about chironomid-based palaeoenvironment reconstruction in the Carpathian Region. He worked at the Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography for a year as an assistant lecturer. Currently he works as an environmental administrator at the Tolna County Government Office. He has been a member of the Hungarian Hydrological Society since 2019.

Zoltán Szalai, Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences

Zoltán Szalai is a certified biology-geography teacher and a habilitated university associate professor at Eötvös Loránd University. He is a research associate and research group leader at HUN-REN CSFK Geographical Institut. His primary scientific field is the environmental earth sciences and geoecology. Main research interests are landscape-scale impacts of human activities on soil erosion, soil organic matter stabilisation and adsorption and desorption processes of organic micropollutants.

István, Centra-Transdanubian Water Directorate

ISTVÁN KÓBOR is a certified biology-chemistry teacher, head of the laboratory of the Central Transdanubian Water Directorate, and primarily examines lakes (Balaton, Lake Velencei), reservoirs and watercourses. His most important responsibilities are the operation and development of continuous online monitoring systems, preparation of nutrient load balances, eutrophication processes and algae growth. His area of expertise are algology, lake nutrient circulation conditions and nutrient load.

Enikő Magyari , Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography of ELTE

ENIKŐ MAGYARI is a university professor at the Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography of ELTE and a scientific advisor at the ELKH-MTM-ELTE Paleontology Research Group. Head of the Palaeo-environment and Climate Change Research Group and the subproject RRF-2.3.1.-21-2022-00014 of ÉMNL. She worked as a head of department until December 2023. Her main research topics are pollen-based vegetation and paleoclimate reconstructions using paleoecological methods in Central and South Eastern Europe for the past 30 000 years, Holocene and Late Glacial vegetation dynamics and paleogenetics.

János Korponai, National University of Public Service Faculty of Water Sciences

János Korponai is a certified biologist, associate professor at the Department of Water Supply and Sewerage of the National Public Service University. He conducts neo- and paleolimnological research based on microscopic crustaceans and their remains. The central topic of his research is the investigation of planktonic crustaceans in aquatic ecosystems and their trophic attributes, as well as the analysis of short- and long-term changes in ecosystems. He is a co-worker of the RRF-2.3.1.-21-2022-00014 project of ÉMNL.

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Changes in the ecological conditions of the shallow artificial Pátkai reservoir, based on the study of the chironomid fauna (Diptera: Chironomidae

Abstract

Author Biographies

References