Nuclear Renaissance in France: Legal and Regulatory Challenges

Dhiego Teles Da Silva

doi:10.21029/JAEL.2025.38.157

Dhiego Teles Da Silva Doctor in Public Law, Teacher/researcher at Nîmes University, Visiting researcher at Kokugakuin University in Japan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21029/JAEL.2025.38.157

Keywords: Nuclear energy, Energy security, Climate objectives, Small Modular Reac- tors Authorization procedures, Nuclear fuel supply, Comparative analysis, Carbon- free energy, Energy transition

Abstract

The revival of nuclear energy in France is driven by the need to meet climate objectives under the Paris Agreement and ensure energy security amidst global crises. Nuclear power offers a reliable, carbon-free baseload energy source, complementing renewables. This study examines the legal and regulatory challenges of this resurgence, focusing on authorization procedures for new nuclear facilities, nuclear fuel supply chains, and spent fuel management. Special attention is given to Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), evaluating whether current frameworks are adequate or require tailored approaches, and exploring opportunities for international regulatory harmonization.