Kriminológiai kihívások a 21. században: AI és a modern technológia a bűnözők kezében
Abstract
In the 21st century, crime also makes great use of modern technology: the Internet, artificial intelligence (AI) and the synthetic media they bring to life. In response, law enforcement agencies themselves call on AI to help them track down and identify perpetrators of crimes. However, the use of modern technology is ambivalent: while on the one hand the world seems to be expanding in the global online space, on the other hand the possibility of violating the personal rights of a large number of citizens also arises. The aim of this study is to present this phenomenon through the analysis of a specific legal case.
References
Falus, Orsolya (2024): Thoughts on legal sustainabilty – ‘nihil sub sole novum.’ Russian law journal, 12., (2.), pp. 51–59.
Jóźwiak, Piotr–Falus, Orsolya (2022/a): Legal regulations on autonomous vehicles. In: Poland And Hungary: The issue of criminal liability In: Balázs László–Rajcsányi-Molnár Mónika–András István (Szerk.): Elektromoilitás és társadalom. Dunajváros: DUE Press, pp. 125–136.
Jóźwiak, Piotr–Falus, Orsolya (2022/B). Criminal liability of associations. In: Polish and Hungarian law. Poznan: Wydawnictwo Rys.
András I.–Rajcsányi-Molnár M. (2014): Profit és filantrópia: a CSR eszmetörténeti kérdései. Civil Szemle, 11., (2.), pp. 5–24.
Balázs L. (2014): Az iskolai klíma hatása a tanulók teljesítményére. In: A kommunikáció(s készségfejlesztés) tantárgyközi szerepe, lehetőségei, pp. 38–54.
Kőkuti Tamás (2022): Mesterséges intelligencia és foglalkoztatás. In: Keszi-Szeremlei Andrea–Rajcsányi-Molnár Mónika–András István (Szerk.): Gazdasági növekedés és fenntarthatóság: globalizáció a 21. században. Dunaújváros: DUE Press, pp. 39–51.
Rajcsányi-Molnár, M.–Balázs, L.–András, I.–Czifra, S. (2024): Competition as an effective motivational tool in online education. In: Proceedings of the IEEE 11th International conference on computational cybernetics and cyber-medical systems (ICCC 2024), pp. 83–88)p. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCC62278.2024.10582987
András I.–Rajcsányi-Molnár M.–Füredi G. (2013): A vállalatilag felelős vállalat: a CSR- és a cafeteria-metszet értelmezési lehetőségei a gyakorlatban. In: Metamorfózis: glokális dilemmák három tételben. Budapest: Új Mandátum, pp. 127–139.
Kőkuti Tamás–Balázs László–Rajcsányi-Molnár Mónika (2022): A felsőoktatási felelősségvállalás egy sajátos módja: képzési életpályamenedzsment program a Dunaújvárosi Egyetemen. Civil Szemle, 19., (4.), pp. 113–126.
Kőkuti, Tamás (2020): Cultural Differences Of Human Resources In Eu Enlargement: Az emberi erőforrás kulturális különbségei az Eu bővítésében. In: András, István–Rajcsányi-Molnár, Mónika (Eds.): East-West cohesion iv.: strategical study volumes. Subotica: Čikoš Group, pp. 106–117.
Varga Anita (2023): A szervezeti kultúra versus esélyegyenlőség. Civil Szemle, 20(Special Issue 7), pp. 61–75.
Stock, Jürgen (2024): Beyond illusions unmasking the threat of synthetic media for law enforcement. Interpol. https://www.interpol.int/en/how-we-work/innovation/interpol-innovation-centre (Download: 2025. 09. 26.)
Pacchioni, Federico Flutti, Emma–Caruso, Palmina, Fregna, Lorenzo–Attanasio, Francesco–Passani, Carolina– Colombo, Cristina–Travaini, Guido (2025): Generative AI and criminology: a threat or a promise? Exploring the potential and pitfalls in the identification of techniques of neutralization (Ton). Plos one, 20., (4.), E0319793. https://doi.org/10.1371/Journal.Pone.031979
Martin, Kelly D.–Zimmermann, Johanna (2024): Artificial intelligence and its implications for data privacy. Current opinion in psychology, 58., https://doi.org/10.1016/J.Copsyc.2024.101829.
Hill, Kashmir (2020): The secretive company that might end privacy as we know it. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/18/technology/clearviewprivacyfacial-recognition.html. (Download: 2025. 09. 27.)
BBC (2020): Clearview AI: face-collecting companydatabase hacked. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-51658111 (Download: 2025. 09. 26.)
Kuru, Taner (2024). Lawfulness of the mass processing of publicly accessible online data to train large language models. International data privacy law, 14., (3.), pp. 326–351.Https://Doi.Org/10.1093/Idpl/Ipae013
ACLU.ORG (2022): In big win, settlement ensures clearview ai complies with groundbreaking illinois biometric privacy law. https://www.aclu.org/press-releases/big-winsettlement-ensures-clearviewaicomplieswith-groundbreaking-illinois (Download: 2025. 09. 26.)
Sorbán Kinga (2015): Az informatikai bűncselekmények elleni fellépés nemzetközi dimenziói. Themis, 2015/1. 343–375. Startari, Augustin V. (2025). Predictive testimony: compiled syntax. In: Aigenerated police reports and judicial narratives. AI Power And Discourse, 1., (1.), pp. 1–10.
Ahmed, Isra (2023): ACLU V. Clearview Ai, Inc., 2021 Ill. Cir. LEXIS 292. Depaul journal of art, technology & Intellectual property law, 33., (1.), pp. 66–81.
European Data Protection Board/EDPB (2024): Dutch supervisory authority imposes a fine on clearview because of illegal data collection for facial recognition. https://www.edpb.europa.eu/news/national-news/2024/dutch-supervisoryauthority-imposes-fine-clearview-because-illegal-data_en (Download: 2025. 09. 26.)
(EU) 2024/1689 Rendelet
European Data Protection Supervisor/EDPS (2020): EDPS opinion on the possibility to use clearview ai and similar services at europol. (Case 2020-0372). https://www.edps.europa.eu/system/files/2022-01/21-03-29_edps_opinion_2020-0372.pdf (Download: 2025. 09. 26.)
Clearview AI (é.n.): Success Stories. https://www.clearview.ai/success-stories (Download: 2025. 09. 26.)
Clearview AI (é.n.): Clearview AI launches justiceclearview, first facial recognition product for public defenders seeking justice. https://www.clearview.ai/press-room/clearview-ailaunchesjusticeclearview-first-facial-recognitionproduct-for-public-defenders-seekingjustice (Download: 2025. 09. 27.)
Ferreira, Marcos Vinícius –Almeida, Ariel–Canario, Joao Paulo Souza–Matheus, Nogueira–Tatiane, Rios, Ricardo (2021): Ethics of AI: do the face detection models act with prejudice?. In: Britto, A.–Valdivia Delgado, K. (Eds.): Intelligent Systems. BRACIS 2021. Lecture Notes In: Computer Science, 13074.,Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91699-2_
András, I.–Rajcsányi-Molnár, M. (2015): The Evolution of CSR and its reception in post-socialist environments: The Case Of Hungary. Journal of environmental sustainability, 4., (4.).

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


