Regulating the range of motor vehicles affected and evaluating a sticker scheme in a low emission zone
Abstract
The Ambient Air Quality Directive (2008/50/EC) requires cities that exceed air pollution limit values to develop and implement action plans to take the necessary measures to achieve the air pollution limit values. Establishing Low Emission Zones (LEZ) is a measure that is being introduced by a growing number of European municipalities to reduce the number of polluting vehicles. There is no uniform legislation on LEZs in the different EU Member States, so Hungary does not currently have a policy instrument for the establishment of such zones and no legal framework to facilitate their implementation which would give local governments authority and clear guidance. The aim of this research is to define the range of vehicles covered by the regulation and to investigate a sticker scheme, taking into account best practices abroad, which will help to improve the efficiency of the regulation and control of a Hungarian LEZ.
References
Schraufnagel DE, Balmes JR, Cowl CT, Matteis SD, Jung SH, Mortimer K, Perez-Padilla R, et al. (2019) Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Diseases: A Review by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies’ Environmental Committee, Part 2: Air Pollution and Organ Systems. CHEST 155(2):417–426.
Pestel N, Wozny F (2019) Low Emission Zones for Better Health: Evidence from German Hospitals. SSRN Electronic Journal.
Obrecht M, Rosi B, Potrč T (2017) Review of low emission zones in Europe: Case of London and German cities. Tehnički glasnik 11(1-2):55–62.
Amundsen A, Sundvor I (2018) Low Emission Zones in Europe. Requirement, enforcement and decreasing health inequalities - ProQuest. A171-A172. air quality. Transportøkonomisk institutt.
Ezeah C, Finney K, Nnajide C (2015) A Critical Review Of The Effectiveness Of Low Emission Zones (LEZ) As A Strategy For The Management Of Air Quality In Major European Cities. Journal of
Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) 2:3159–40.
ECORYS Nederland B.V. (2014) Feasibility study: European city pass for Low Emission Zones. Annex A: Standards and Guidance Document
Gruiters J (2018) Improving Air Quality in Border Regions. A case study of effective implementation of a low emission zone in Maastricht. https://studenttheses.uu.nl
Roncière M (2020) Addressing a largescale implementation of low-emission zones in France. DIVA.
Leonhart M (2017) Environmental and Social Effect of the Rotterdam Low Emission Zone. Business Economics.
Campbell A, André M, Carteret M, Pasquier A, Liu Y (2017) Methodology for characterizing vehicle fleet composition and its territorial variability, needed for assessing Low Emission Zones. Transportation Research Procedia 25:3286–3298. DOI: https://doi.org/h3mt
Ellison R, Greaves S, D. Hensher (2012) Medium-Term Effects of London’s Low-Emission Zone
Pasquier A, Andre M (2017) Decomposition of Low emission zone strategies into mechanisms and methodology for assessing their impacts on air pollution. Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering 7(1):pp. 241-261.
Morton C, Mattioli G, Anable J (2018) A Framework for Assessing Spatial Vulnerability to the Introduction of Low Emission Zones: A case study of Edinburgh, Scotland - White Rose Research
Online. https://whiterose.ac.uk
Quarmby S, Santos G, Mathias M (2019) Air Quality Strategies and Technologies: A Rapid Review of the International Evidence. Sustainability 11(10):2757. DOI: https://doi.org/gkb5dz
Dias (2018) Methodology for air pollution impact assessment of low emission zones in urban areas of Brazil - the case study of Fortaleza. https://repositorio.ufc.br
The journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. There are no Open Access (OA) fees or charges (APCs) charged to either authors or readers.
All articles published in the journal are licensed under CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.
The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party and will not be used for any other purpose or be accessible to any other party.
