Recent biological and clinical findings in geroscience prolonging healthy lifespan
Abstract
Aging is a biologically determined process influenced by both intrinsic traits and environmental factors, characterized by a gradual decline in the physiological functions of tissues and organs. Simultaneously, the underlying mechanisms of aging increase the body's vulnerability to stressors and the development of chronic diseases. While aging was once considered an irreversible, unidirectional process, recent research has revealed a high degree of plasticity in aging. In this work, we present the cellular and organ-level changes associated with aging and their potential application in determining the biological age of a specific organ or the entire organism. We place particular emphasis on cellular senescence, a key event in aging, as a promising target for therapeutic intervention. We also summarize ongoing efforts to slow, halt, or reverse aging and outline the potential clinical translation of these strategies.
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