Exercise-induced modulation of body composition, adiponectin-asprosin balance and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in men with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial

Agnieszka Suder; Aneta Targosz; Aleksandra Suder; Magdalena Suchanek; Maria Kosztyla; Piotr Kosowski

doi:10.20330/AnthropKozl.2026.67s.99

Agnieszka Suder University of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Rehabilitation, Department of Anatomy, Krakow, Poland
Aneta Targosz Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Krakow, Poland
Aleksandra Suder Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Magdalena Suchanek University of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Rehabilitation, Department of Anatomy, Student Research Group In-Out, Krakow, Poland
Maria Kosztyla Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Krakow, Poland
Piotr Kosowski AGH University, Department of Petroleum Engineering, Krakow, Poland

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20330/AnthropKozl.2026.67s.99

Absztrakt

Background: Adiponectin has anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects, whereas asprosin stimulates appetite and promotes insulin resistance. However, the relationships among adiponectin, asprosin, physical activity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain poorly understood.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two 12-week exercise interventions (aerobic training, combined aerobic-resistance training) on body composition, adiponectin and asprosin concentrations, and metabolic parameters in men with MetS.

Subjects and methods: Sixty-two men with MetS (age 36.6±6.9 years; BMI 33.6±4.4 kg/m²) were randomly assigned to: aerobic training (EG1, n=21), combined aerobic-resistance training (EG2, n=21), or a non-intervention control group (CG, n=20). Body composition and biochemical markers (adiponectin, asprosin, triglycerides, fasting glucose, insulin) were assessed at baseline, weeks 6 and 12, and 4 weeks post-intervention. Intervention effects were analysed using linear mixed models with post hoc tests and effect sizes.

Results: EG1 showed a significant increase in the adiponectin/asprosin ratio (p=0.02, ES=0.73), along with improvements in body composition and lipid accumulation product (p<0.01, ES=2.28). EG2 improved body composition and insulin resistance (p<0.01, ES=1.19), while the control group showed a decline in the adiponectin/asprosin ratio (p<0.01, ES=1.54). Aerobic training primarily enhanced adipokine balance and lipid metabolism, whereas combined aerobic-resistance training improved carbohydrate metabolism in men with MetS, likely through reductions in visceral adiposity.

Hivatkozások

References: None.