Deep-integration Paradigm

Abstract

Trade theory considers new generation regional agreements that go beyond traditional regional constructions (focused on conventional border measures)as “deep” (trade) integration, which includes regulatory convergence (and possibly additional “deep” elements). Depth is a crucial dimension also in the context of European integration. On the one hand, it expresses the level (state) reached by the most advanced regional integration. On the other hand, it indicates the direction of the process: deepening, increasingly tighter integration as a developmental trend. Conceptualising deep (regional) integration (deep-integration) as a system, as a conceptual framework, may offer a way to rethink integration theory. The interpretative framework of deep-integration consists of two main dimensions: depth (regulatory, institutional) and homogeneity (real economic, financial). Based on combinations of these, different integration levels, stages of development, and configurations can be analysed within structured frameworks. Core integration, the scope of the most advanced integration achievements at any given time, is defining. By incorporating differentiated integration and disintegration, a new analytical framework, the paradigm of deep-integration, can be outlined.