A kiszárítás intenzitásának meghatározó szerepe a II-es fotokémiai rendszer helyreállásában fényen és sötétben: az abszcizinsav-kezelés és a xantofill-ciklus gátlásának hatása a Porella platyphylla (L.) Pfeiff. májmohában
Absztrakt
A poikilohidrikus leveles májmoha Porella platyphylla (L.) Pfeiff. kiszáradásra adott fotoszintetikus válaszai kulcsfontosságúak a faj túlélési stratégiájának megértésében. Vizsgálatunk célja az volt, hogy meghatározzuk:
(i) az egyhetes, eltérő relatív páratartalmon végzett kiszárítás milyen mértékben befolyásolja a PSII működésének újranedvesítés utáni helyreállását fényen és sötétben; valamint (ii) az abszcizinsav (ABA) milyen időléptékben járul hozzá a korai fényvédelem stabilizálásához. A regenerációt a rehidratációt követő 1., 24. és 48. órában klorofill-fluoreszcencia paraméterek segítségével követtük nyomon, és a zeaxantin-függő energiadisszipáció szerepét ditiotreitol (DTT) alkalmazásával vizsgáltuk. Eredményeink három eltérő helyreállási tartományt különítettek el. A mérsékelt kiszáradást túlélő minták (32–76% RH), valamint a
természetes kiszáradásnak kitett minták (gyors vízvesztés laboratóriumi levegőn, ~35% RH) optimális kvantumhatásfokuk (Fv/Fm) és effektív kvantumhatásfokuk (ΦPSII) értékeit fényben és sötétben egyaránt szinte teljes mértékben helyreállították 24–48 órán belül. Ezzel szemben az 5% RH mellett történő kiszáradás irreverzibilis PSII-károsodást okozott, és sem fényben, sem sötétben nem következett be regeneráció. A DTT jelentősen csökkentette a nem-fotokémiai kioltást (NPQ), megerősítve a zeaxantin-függő, energiadependens kioltás (qE) központi szerepét a fényvédelemben, továbbá kimutatva egy DTT-re nem érzékeny NPQ frakció fennmaradását is. Vizsgálatunk egyik kulcsfontosságú eredménye, hogy az ABA-kezelés már 1 órán belül jelentősen stabilizálta a PSII működését mind fényben, mind sötétben, ami a kezeletlen mintákhoz képest magasabb Fv/Fm- és ΦPSII-értékekben nyilvánult meg. Ez a hatás tartósnak bizonyult, és a 24–48
órás helyreállási szakasz során is megfigyelhető maradt, összhangban a mérsékelt kiszáradást elszenvedő minták újranedvesedési mintázatával. Eredményeink új, integrált megközelítést nyújtanak a P. platyphylla kiszáradási–újranedvesedési ciklusai során működő regenerációs mechanizmusok megértéséhez, kiemelve a korai ABA-jelátvitel és a qE-domináns NPQ meghatározó szerepét a PSII mérsékelt dehidratációt követő helyreállásában.
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