Összekapcsolt világ: a globalizáció értelmezései

Béla Tomka

doi:10.71011/torttan.2025.3-4.02

Tomka Béla Szegedi Tudományegyetem Bölcsészettudományi Kar Jelenkortörténeti Tanszék

DOI: https://doi.org/10.71011/torttan.2025.3-4.02

Kulcsszavak: globalizáció, tudományos, viták, történeti korszakok, technológia, tudás, ideológia, jövedelem, Magyarország történelme

Absztrakt

A tanulmány a globalizáció legfontosabb tudományos értelmezéseinek áttekintésére vállalkozik, amelynek során elsőként a definíció megalkotásának nehézségeit, majd a folyamat történeti szakaszainak meghatározására vonatkozó álláspontokat mutatja be. Ez után azt tárgyalja, hogy a globalizáció milyen területeken zajlik: ezek között kiemelt helyet foglal el a gazdaság, de a globalizáció egyik legfontosabb sajátossága többdimenziós jellege, vagyis egyidejűleg érinti a kultúrát, a politikát, és számos további aspektusa is van. A tanulmány szintén bemutatja a globalizációt előidéző tényezőket, melyek között a szakirodalom kiemelkedő szerepet tulajdonít a technológiai innovációknak. A viták kiemelt témája, hogy vajon a globalizáció kulturális egyesülést, homogenizációt hoz-e magával, továbbá a nemzetállamok gyengüléséhez vezet-e. Az áttekintés végül azt tárgyalja, hogy a szakirodalomban milyen álláspontok jelennek meg a globalizáció jövedelmekre gyakorolt hatásáról, illetve a globalizáció magyarországi folyamatáról.

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