Complex mapping of alcohol mixed with energy drinks use among children, adolescents and young adults (2017–2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Energy drinks market and consumption rate keep rising worldwide. According to international research mixing energy drinks with alcohol is very popular among young people. This combination may pose dangers due to the stimulating effect of the energy drink and the sedative effect of the alcohol and it could lead to dehydration and many other detrimental physiological and psychological consequences.
Aims: We reviewed the current scientific literature in order to give an overview of recent studies on the prevalence of mixing alcohol with energy drinks and the factors that can influence consumption and negative consequences related to their use.
Methods: A literature review was conducted with the following keywords „alcohol mixed with energy drinks” in the Pubmed® Database for the time period 2017–2021. Only 20 relevant English language articles and human studies directly related to alcohol mixed with energy drinks consumption were included.
Results: We concluded that methods used for assessing the prevalence and patterns of alcohol mixed with energy drinks consumption were disparate approaches. The vast majority of studies confirmed a range of negative consequences related to the consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks, including heavy drinking, smoking, substance abuse and others like depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts and attempts, which were controversial in certain cases.
Conclusion: The cooperation of health services, hospitality, food industry, media, and government is the key to develop intervention programs on the prevention of the harmful use of alcohol mixed with energy drinks, which involve targeted education and proper regulation for labelling, sales and marketing that integrate the latest research results adapted to local conditions. Medical staff should map alcohol mixed with energy drinks use when taking medical history as it could be an important indicator for associated risks such as substance abuse and heavy drinking.
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