Kényszertávoktatásból személyes oktatásba: oktatási élmények és kultúrafüggő tényezők hatásai Magyarországon tanuló koreai egyetemi hallgatók esetében
Abstract
In Hungary the spring term of the academic year 2020-2021 and the autumn term of the academic year 2021-2022 were conducted in different modes of education: the spring term was characterised by emergency remote teaching while the autumn term was conducted in person. During the in-person term that followed emergency remote teaching, the overall academic performance of Korean students studying at Károli University perceptibly fell. This study seeks to offer an explanation to this phenomenon with the help of a series of semi-structured qualitative interviews with the Korean students concerned. The results seem to show that the drop in academic performance can be attributed to Korean students’ former education experience and culture-dependent factors. It is also concluded that students also require support during their transition from emergency remote teaching to in-person education.
References
Aixia, D. – Wang, D. (2011): Factors influencing learner attitudes toward e-learning and development of e-learning environment based on the integrated e-learning platform. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning. 1/3. 264-268.
https://doi.org/10.7763/IJEEEE.2011.V1.43
Ali, W. (2020): Online and Remote Learning in Higher Education Institutes: A Necessity in Light of COVID-19 Pandemic amid the COVID-19 pandemic: The Philippine context. Higher Education Studies. 10/3. 16-25.
https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v10n3p16
Benedek, A. (2020): A digitális kor pedagógiai kihívásaihoz. Opus et Educatio, 7/3. 185-192.
https://doi.org/10.3311/ope.386
Bozkurt, A. et al. (2020): A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 Pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education. 15/1. 1-126.
Bryant A. – Charmaz, K. (2007): Grounded theory research: methods and practices. 1-28. In: Bryant A. – Charmaz K. (szerk.): The Sage Handbook of Grounded Theory. SAGE: Thousand Oaks, CA.
https://doi.org/10.4135/9781848607941
Choi, H.J. – Park, J.H. (2013): Historical analysis of the policy on the college entrance system in South Korea. International Education Studies. 6/11. 106-121.
https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v6n11p106
Chou, C.C. (2002): A comparative content analysis of student interaction in synchronous and asynchronous learning networks. In: Proceedings of the 35th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. 1795-1803.
https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2002.994093
Deés, Sz. (2020): Hallgatói vélemények a COVID-19 világjárvány hatásaként bevezetett online oktatásról. Acta Periodica (Edutus) 20. 26-39.
Online elérhető:
https://www.edutus.hu/cikk/hallgatoi-velemenyek-a-covid-19-vilagjarvany-hatasakent-bevezetett-online-oktatasrol/. https://doi.org/10.47273/AP.2020.20.26-39
DeWaelsche, S. A. (2015): Critical thinking, questioning and student engagement in Korean university English courses. Linguistics and Education. 32/B. 131-147.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.linged.2015.10.003
Dombi, J. – Sipos, N. – Vörös, Z. – Egervári, D. – Simon, K. – Fodorné Tóth, K. – Ambrus, A. J. (2021): Online vagy sem – mitől függhet a jövő? Hallgatói tapasztalatok és jövőbeni preferenciák összefüggései a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen. Iskolakultúra. 31/11-12. 130-152.
Fackler, A. K. – Sexton, C. M. (2020): Science Teacher Education in the Time of COVID-19: A Document Analysis. Electronic Journal for Research in Science & Mathematics Education. 24/3. 5-13.
Fajt, B. – Török, J. – Kövér, P. (2021): Egyetemi hallgatók digitális oktatással kapcsolatos véleményei: egy feltáró kutatás eredményei. Iskolakultúra. 31/6. 72-100.
Fekete, I. (2020): Information and communications technology use of Hungarian English majors: A large-scale questionnaire study. Journal of Foreign Language Education and Technology. 5/2. 251-275.
Glaser, B. G. – Strauss, A. L. (1967): The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine de Gruyter: New York.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-196807000-00014
Hamzah, W. M. A. F. W. – Ali, N. H. – Saman, M. Y. M. – Yusoff, M. H. – Yacob, A. (2015): Influence of gamification on students’ motivation in using e-learning applications based on the motivational design model. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET). 10/2. 30-34.
https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v10i2.4355
Hargitai, D. M. – Sasné Grósz, A. – Veres, Z. (2020): Hagyományos és online tanulási preferenciák a felsőoktatásban – A COVID-járvány kihívásai. Statisztikai Szemle. 839-857.
https://doi.org/10.20311/stat2020.7.hu0839
Horváth László – Czirfusz Dóra – Misley Helga – N. Tóth Ágnes (2021): Alkalmazkodási stratégiák a távolléti oktatás során hallgatói, oktatói és intézményi szinten. Neveléstudomány. 2021/3. 23-42
https://doi.org/10.21549/NTNY.34.2021.3.2
Han, J-H. – Sal, H. J. (2022): Acceptance of and satisfaction with online educational classes through the technology acceptance model (TAM): the COVID-19 situation in Korea. Asia Pacific Education Review. 23/11. 403-415.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-021-09716-7.
Juszczyk, S. –Kim, S. (2020): Distance Learning in the Polish and Korean Universities During COVID-19 Pandemic. The New Educational Review. 115-127. https://doi.org/10.15804/tner.20.62.4.10
Kang, S. J. (2005): Dynamic emergence of situational willingness to communicate in a second language. System. 33. 277-292.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2004.10.004
Kim, J. (2013): Oral Communication Needs of New Korean Students in a US Business Communication Classroom. Global Business Languages. 18. 81-96
King, J. – South, J. (2017): Reimagining the Role of Technology in Higher Education: A Supplement to the National Education Technology Plan. US Department of Education, Office of Educational Technology:Washington.
Kirschner, P. A. – Bruyckere, P. D. (2017): The myths of the digital native and the multitasker. Teaching and Teacher Education 67. 135-142.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.06.001.
Lee, A. – Lee, S. J. (2022): Korean university students’ significant learning experiences and associated generic skills: A qualitative essay review. Frontiers in Education. 7.
https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.886375
Lee, D. – Kim, M. (2020): University students’ perceptions on the practices of online learning in the COVID-19 situation and future directions. Multimedia-Assisted Language Learning. 23/3. 350-377.
Lee, G. (2009): Speaking up: Six Korean students’ oral participation in class discussions in US graduate seminars. English for Specific Purposes. 28. 142-156.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2009.01.007
Lee, K. S. (2004): Cultural learning and linguistic characteristics of Korean students in the United States: Perceptions of professors and students. Fordham University: New York.
Liu, J. (2001): Asian students’ classroom communication patterns in U.S. universities: An emic perspective. Ablex: Westport, CT.
McLoughlin, C. – Lee, M-J. W. (2010): Personalised and self regulated learning in the Web 2.0 era: international exemplars of innovative pedagogy using social software. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology. 26/1. 28-43
https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.1100
Nagy, Á. – Fekete, M. (2020): OK, Zoomer – a digitális tanulás problémái. Opus et Educatio. 7(/3). 203-207. Pedagogical Research. 5(4). em0063.
https://doi.org/10.3311/ope.389
Proháczik, Á. (2020): A tantermi és online oktatás összehasonlító elemzése. Opus et Educatio. 7/3. 208-119.
https://doi.org/10.3311/ope.390
Rab, Á. (2018): A digitális kultúra jellemzői. 58-63. In: Nemeslaki A. (szerk.): Információs Társadalom. Dialóg Campus Kiadó: Budapest.
Shim, Y. T. – Kim, M. – Martin, J. N. (2008): Changing Korea – Understanding Culture and Communication. Peter Lang: New York.
Shin, H. (2005): Exploring the possibilities for EFL critical pedagogy in Korea – a two-part case study. Critical Inquiry in Language Studies: An International Journal. 2/2. 113-138.
https://doi.org/10.1207/s15427595cils0202_3
Shin, H. (2020): Technological Innovation in Public Education in the Era of COVID-19: Focusing on Distance Education Policy in South Korea. Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy. 9/2. 207-222.
Shin, I. (2008): Necessary Skills in English for Korean Postgraduate Engineering Students in London. Educate –Special London Issue. 8. 50–61.
Singelis, T. M. – Bond, M. H. – Sharkey, W. F. – Lai, C. Y. S. (1999): Unpackaging culture’s influence on self-esteem and embarrassability: The role of self-construals. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 30. 315– 341.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022199030003003
Smith, J. – Duckett, J. – Dorsey-Elson, L. – Moon, J. – Hayward, A. – Marshall, D. (2020): Teaching lessons from COVID-19: One department’s story of transformation--an HBCU narrative. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Higher Education. 5/2. 13–32.
https://doi.org/10.32674/jimphe.v5i1.2443
Toquero, C. M. (2020): Challenges and Opportunities for Higher Education amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Philippine Context. Pedagogical Research. 5/4. em0063
https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7947
Tsui, A. (1996): Reticence and anxiety in second language learning. 145-167. In: Bailey, K. – Nunan, D. (eds.) Voices from the language classroom. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK



