Changes in smoking habits and new alternative product use among first year medical students between 2016 and 2020
Abstract
Introduction: Medical students will have an important role in the fight against smoking. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor cigarette use and the use of new alternative products (electronic cigarettes, heated tobacco products) among them. The aim of this study is to examine cigarette smoking and the use of new alternative products among first-year Hungarian medical students studying at the University of Pécs.
Methodology: Repeated cross-sectional, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire surveys were carried out in 2016, 2018, and 2020. The rate of trial and current use (past 30-day use) of products were examined.
Results: The proportion of those who tried smoking decreased between 2016 and 2018 but did not change significantly thereafter (79% in 2016, 67% in 2018, 69% in 2020; Cochran–Armitage trend test, p = 0.039). In 2020, the proportion of those who tried e-cigarettes was 58% among men, 51% among women, and 53% in the total sample, while the proportion of those who tried a heated tobacco product was 27% among men, 11% among women, and 16% in the total sample. Between 2016 and 2018, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking decreased significantly, but no further change was observed between 2018 and 2020 (36% in 2016, 25% in 2018 and 2020; Cochran–Armitage trend test, p = 0.040). The proportion of male medical students using new alternative products increased significantly during the study period (5% in 2016, 21% in 2020, Z-test, p < 0.05). In 2020, 11.5% of men and 4.3% of women (6.8% of the total sample) used e-cigarettes, whereas 11.5% of men and 3.2% of women (6.2% of the total sample) used heated tobacco products.
Conclusions: Among first-year medical students in Pécs, the popularity of cigarettes declined, however, we have found significant interest in new alternative products. We consider it important to provide information and prevention about e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products, as well as to further monitor the use of these products.
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