Szájüregi leukoplakiák előfordulása és hisztopatológiai vizsgálata

Botond Bukovszky; László Simonffy; Szabolcs Gyulai-Gaál; Noémi Jákob; Csaba Dobó Nagy

doi:10.33891/FSZ.117.2.41-46

Botond Bukovszky Semmelweis Egyetem, Fogorvostudományi Kar, Orális Diagnosztikai Tanszék https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6418-5719
László Simonffy Semmelweis Egyetem, Fogorvostudományi Kar, Orális Diagnosztikai Tanszék https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6800-7936
Szabolcs Gyulai-Gaál Semmelweis Egyetem, Fogorvostudományi Kar, Orális Diagnosztikai Tanszék https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2419-4236
Noémi Jákob Semmelweis Egyetem, Patológiai és Kísérleti Rákkutató Intézet https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9009-6287
Csaba Dobó Nagy Semmelweis Egyetem, Fogorvostudományi Kar, Orális Diagnosztikai Tanszék https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9530-7926

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33891/FSZ.117.2.41-46

Keywords: potentially malignant lesions, leukoplakia, dysplasia

Abstract

Introduction: Leukoplakia is one of the most common lesions of potentially malignant lesions of the oral cavity. It is important
to clarify the histopathological diagnosis underlying cases clinically diagnosed as leukoplakia, which is crucial in
determining the prognosis and the required therapy.
Material and Methods: 75 patients diagnosed with oral leukoplakia were histologically sampled between April 2021
and April 2024 at the Department of Oral Diagnostics, Department of Dento-alveolar Surgery, Semmelweis University.
Histopathological analysis of the histopathological samples was performed on the basis of hematoxylin-eosin staining
and in selected cases immunohistochemical analysis was performed at the Department of Pathology and Experimental
Cancer Research.
Results and discussion: The 75 patients were classified according to the location of leukoplakia in decreasing order
of frequency: gingiva/ edentulous jaw ridge (n = 26), buccal (n = 16), floor of the mouth (n = 12), tongue (n = 11), palate
(n = 6), lip (n = 2). Multifocal appearance was also seen (n = 2). Histological sampling was usually a partial and not total
excision of the lesion. Histopathological findings were hyperkeratosis (without dysplasia) in 51 cases, 19 cases with mild
dysplasia, 5 cases with moderate dysplasia. There were no cases with severe dysplasia. In 61 cases were homogeneous
and in 14 cases non-homogeneous leukoplakia. Dysplasia was significantly more frequent in clinically non-homogeneous
leukoplakia (p = 0.0088). 32 of the 75 patients were smokers and 43 were non-smokers. Our results showed
that smoking had no significant effect on the presence and severity of dysplasia. Patients were followed up continuously
(6 months follow-up). Average follow-up time: 17.4 months (range: 1–38 months).
Conclusion: Patients diagnosed with oral leukoplakia require histopathological sampling for histopathological examination
and long-term follow-up is recommended to prevent late malignant transformation.

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Incidence and histopathological examination of oral leukoplakia

Abstract

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