Surgical-orthodontic treatment of the upper canine retention

Abstract

Combined surgical and orthodontic treatment of upper canine retention showed thorough development during the past
decade. Depending on the axial position of the unerupted canine there are three methods for their alignment. When the
axis of the unerupted canine is near vertical making a mucosal window is enough for deliberation of the crown. When
the unerupted canine is covered by bone a palatinal or buccal corticotomy is necessary for the accessibility of the crown.
When the unerupted tooth is positioned near horizontally redressment force or removal is advisable. Combined surgical
and orthodontic method for alignment of unerupted canine may achieve excellent cosmetical and functional results.